Concordance of taxonomic richness patterns across multiple assemblages in lakes of the northeastern United States
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چکیده
We investigated the concordance of taxonomic richness patterns and their environmental correlates for assemblages of benthic macroinvertebrates, riparian birds, sedimentary diatoms, fish, planktonic crustaceans, and planktonic rotifers in 186 northeastern U.S. lakes. Taxon counts were standardized with respect to sampling effort using rarefaction. The degree of concordance among assemblage richness measures was low, but this was at least partly attributable to measurement precision. Aspects of lake morphology (area, depth) superseded other environmental features (climate, human development, water chemistry, nearshore physical habitat) as correlates of assemblage richness and were the strongest source of concordance. The benthic macroinvertebrates, birds, fish, and zooplankton all showed positive associations between richness and lake area. The diatoms showed negligible associations between richness and area and negative associations between richness and depth. Associations with human development were much weaker than with lake morphology and varied from positive (fish, planktonic crustaceans) to negative (diatoms). We conclude that taxonomic richness alone may be of ambiguous value as an indicator of biological integrity in lakes and that its natural drivers must be controlled for prior to assessing anthropogenic effects. Résumé : Nous avons étudié la concordance de profils de diversité taxonomique avec leurs corrélats environnementaux chez des groupements de macroinvertébrés benthiques, d’oiseaux de rivage, de diatomées sédimentaires, de poissons et de crustacés et de rotifères planctoniques dans 186 lacs du nord-est des États-Unis. Nous avons normalisé les dénombrements des taxons en fonction de l’effort d’échantillonnage en appliquant le principe de raréfaction. Le degré de concordance entre les mesures de diversité des groupements était faible, mais cela était au moins en partie attribuable à la précision des mesures. Certains aspects de la morphologie des lacs (superficie, profondeur) étaient mieux corrélés à la diversité des groupements que d’autres caractéristiques environnementales (climat, développements anthropiques, chimie de l’eau, habitat riverain) et étaient les plus fortes sources de concordance. Nous avons observé des corrélations positives entre la diversité et la superficie des lacs chez les macroinvertébrés benthiques, les oiseaux, les poissons et le zooplankton. Il y avait des corrélations négligeables entre la diversité et la superficie et des corrélations négatives entre la diversité et la profondeur chez les diatomées. Les corrélations avec les développements anthropiques étaient beaucoup plus faibles qu’avec la morphologie des lacs et variaient de positives (poissons, crustacés planctoniques) à négatives (diatomées). Nous concluons que la seule diversité taxonomique peut constituer un indicateur ambigu de l’intégrité biologique des lacs et que les facteurs naturels qui la déterminent doivent être connus avant que soient évalués les effets anthropiques. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Allen et al. 747 Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 56: 739–747 (1999) © 1999 NRC Canada 739 Received February 5, 1998. Accepted August 27, 1998. J14408 A.P. Allen,1 T.R. Whittier, and R.M. Hughes. Dynamac International, Inc., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Research Laboratory, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, U.S.A. P.R. Kaufmann and A.T. Herlihy. Oregon State University, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Research Laboratory, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, U.S.A. D.P. Larsen and S.G. Paulsen. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Research Laboratory, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, U.S.A. R.J. O’Connor. University of Maine, Department of Wildlife Ecology, 238 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469-5755, U.S.A. R.S. Stemberger. Biology Department, Dartmouth College, 101 Gilman Hall, Dartmouth, NH 03755, U.S.A. S.S. Dixit. Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Laboratory (PEARL), Department of Biology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. R.O. Brinkhurst. Aquatic Resources Center, P.O. Box 68018, Franklin, TN 37068-0818, U.S.A. 1Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed. Present address: Department of Biology, 167 Castetter Hall, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-1091, U.S.A. e-mail: [email protected] Q:\CJFAS\05\prn_\F98-214.vp Wednesday, June 02, 1999 8:54:21 AM Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen
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تاریخ انتشار 1999